Kenya Court of Appeal formatting rules: pagination and tenth-line numbering
Court of Appeal formatting requirements: page numbering and tenth-line numbering under the Practice Directions

Of all the reasons a Record of Appeal gets rejected at the registry, formatting is the most avoidable. Unlike a missed deadline or a procedural misstep that requires a court order to remedy, a formatting error is entirely within your control before you walk through the door.

This article covers the official Court of Appeal formatting rules on pagination and tenth-line numbering: what the Practice Directions actually say, what they mean in practice, and what happens when they are not followed.

Overview of the Court of Appeal Formatting Rules

The primary source for Court of Appeal formatting requirements is the Court of Appeal Practice Directions for Civil Appeals and Applications. These are not guidelines or suggestions. They are binding directions issued pursuant to the Appellate Jurisdiction Act, and the registry applies them strictly.

The two formatting requirements that cause the most rejections are page numbering and tenth-line numbering. They appear together in the Practice Directions and should be treated as a pair: a document that has one but not the other is still non-compliant.

Page Numbering Requirements

The Practice Directions are specific about where page numbers must appear. Every page of every document must be numbered at the top right-hand corner. Not the bottom. Not centred. Top right.

This matters because advocates preparing documents in Word sometimes rely on the default page number position set by their template, which is often bottom-centre. That is non-compliant regardless of how clearly the numbers are visible.

A few practical points on page numbering that the Practice Directions do not spell out but which registry practice has established:

10th Line Numbering Requirement

The Court of Appeal Practice Directions state that every tenth line of every document shall be numbered in the right-hand margin. The Supreme Court Practice Directions 2020 contain identical language.

What this means in practice is that line 10, line 20, line 30, and so on on every page of your document must carry a corresponding number in the right-hand margin. The numbering restarts on each page, so line 10 on page 1 and line 10 on page 2 both show the number 10.

Three things are worth noting about how this requirement is applied:

Other Key Formatting Requirements

Pagination and tenth-line numbering get the most attention because they are the most visible at the registry counter, but the Practice Directions cover several other requirements that are worth noting.

Consequences of Non-Compliance

The registry is entitled to refuse to accept a document that does not meet formatting requirements. This is not a discretionary penalty; it is a straightforward application of the rules, and registry officers apply it consistently.

A rejected filing means the document is not on record. If you are working against a statutory deadline, a rejection at the registry does not pause the clock. The deadline passes regardless, and the costs of applying for extension of time fall entirely on the party who filed a non-compliant document.

For a practitioner, a formatting rejection is also a professional embarrassment that is entirely avoidable. The rules have not changed. The registry has not changed. The only variable is preparation.

Ready to format your document? Our free tenth-lining tool adds both page numbers and tenth-line numbers to your PDF in one step. Works on text pages, scanned documents, and mixed files, with a live preview before you export.

Frequently Asked Questions

Are these formatting rules mandatory for all Court of Appeal filings?
Yes. The Court of Appeal Practice Directions apply to all civil appeals and applications filed in the Court of Appeal. They are issued under the Appellate Jurisdiction Act and carry the same force as the Court of Appeal Rules themselves.
Where exactly must page numbers appear?
At the top right-hand corner of every page. This is explicitly stated in the Practice Directions. Bottom-centre, bottom-right, or any other position is non-compliant.
Does tenth-line numbering apply to attachments and annexures?
Yes. The requirement covers every document in the filing, including exhibits, annexures, and certified copies of lower court proceedings. There is no exemption for attached documents.
What font and spacing does the Court of Appeal require?
The Practice Directions do not specify font for Court of Appeal filings in the same detail as the Supreme Court Practice Directions, which require Times New Roman, font size 12, double-spaced. It is safe and standard practice to follow the Supreme Court specifications for Court of Appeal documents as well, as they represent accepted professional formatting across all appellate courts.
What if I am filing in multiple volumes?
Each volume must be bound separately, with its own index and cover. Page numbering restarts at page 1 in each volume. The volume number must be clearly marked on the front cover. All volumes of the same Record must have covers of the same colour. The Court of Appeal Rules do not specify a particular colour for the Record of Appeal; confirm with your registry.
Can I file a document and correct the formatting afterwards?
No. The registry will not accept a non-compliant document for filing. Correction must happen before submission. There is no mechanism for filing subject to later correction of formatting errors.
What is the fastest way to ensure my PDF meets these requirements?
If you are formatting a PDF that is already generated, the fastest compliant approach is a purpose-built tool. Our free Tenth-Lining Tool adds both tenth-line numbers in the right margin and page numbers at the top right in a single step, with a live preview before you export. It works on text PDFs, scanned documents, and mixed files.

Format Your Document Before You File

The Court of Appeal registry does not issue warnings. A non-compliant document is returned at the counter, and the filing deadline does not pause while you fix it. Our free Tenth-Lining Tool handles the entire requirement in under two minutes. No installation, no account, no upload: your document stays on your device throughout.

Open the Free Tenth-Lining Tool